EMOTIONAL AND EXPRESSIVE CONTEXT IN M.A. BULGAKOV'S STORY «MORPHINE»

Abstract. This article is devoted to the linguistic analysis of M.A. Bulgakov's story "Morphine". The purpose of the article is to show which language means create an emotionally expressive context of the story "Morphine". The author concludes that the tropes in the story immerse the reader in the oppressive atmosphere of the life of a zemstvo doctor suffering from drug addiction. The article highlights the dominant linguistic means involved in the creation of the poetics of the work. The article will interest fans of the work of Mikhail Afanasyevich Bulgakov.

Keywords: emotionality, expressiveness, linguistic means, Bulgakov.

Emotional and expressive coloring of the text is a special phenomenon in modern linguistics. It provides an opportunity for a unique design and expression of the speaker's personal emotional reaction to his own statement [Babenko, 96]. Thus, the emotional and expressive context of M.A.Bulgakov's story "Morphine" is an important element in the linguistic analysis of this work. He has a direct effect on the reader by enveloping him in "his own world of emotions." One of the actual objects of research is linguistic means that create an emotionally expressive context of the story. The following linguistic units can be called vivid examples of such means in M. Bulgakov's story "Morphine": tropes (metaphors, epithets), lexical means (colloquialisms, emotionally-colored vocabulary, professionalism) and syntactic means (parcellation, rows of homogeneous sentence members, ellipsis).

The linguistic expression of Bulgakov's "world of emotions" throughout the story manifests itself, first of all, in such a trope as a metaphor: "Rage hissed in my soul" [2, p.110]; "My heart starts pounding so that I feel it in my hands, in my temples... and then it falls into the abyss" [2, p.112]; "The air is not satisfying, it cannot be swallowed... there is no cell in the body that does not crave. The corpse is moving, yearning, suffering. So the buried alive probably catches the last insignificant air bubbles in the coffin and tears the skin on his chest with his nails. So a heretic at the stake moans and stirs when the first flames lick his feet"[2, p.114]; "The rain pours a veil and hides the world from me"[2, p.115]; "Far, far away tousled violent Moscow"[2, p.119]; "I can't part with my crystal soluble god"[2, p.121]; "I can't raise my hands high and draw my thoughts with a pencil"[2, p.124]. Thus, these expressions in a figurative sense create an atmosphere of hopelessness and meaninglessness of Dr. Polyakov's life.

At the lexical level of the story "Morphine", the words of medical terminology play an important role, since the narration is conducted on behalf of the doctor and represents his diary entries: "What a clear sunset. Migraine is a compound of the antipyrine coffeina ac citric. In powders of 1.0 ... is it possible for 1.0?" [2, p.103]; "It's not the suit, but the fact that I stole morphine in the hospital. 3 cubes in crystals and 10 grams of one percent solution" [2, p.118]; "But the next day, when I got back to normal, I received 20 grams in crystals without any delay at another pharmacy – I wrote a prescription for the hospital (along the way, of course, I prescribed caffeine and aspirin)"[2, p.118]; "Three syringes of 4% solution at dusk. Three syringes of 4% solution at night" [2, p.122].Colloquial, colloquial and rude vocabulary gives additional coloring to the text. It helps to convey to the reader the atmosphere of a county town with its illiterate population. Examples of such language tools can be: "Ugh, damn" [2, p.95]; "If someone comes running... you let me know where you can go" [2, p.96]; "Now" [2, p.97]; "I'm a doctor, not a paramedic!" [2, p.110]; "The devil is in the bottle. Cocaine is the devil in a bottle" [2, p.111]; "The black belly grows and puffs in the distance behind the forest"[2, p.113]. It follows from this that the lexical level of the story is an important link for creating a certain emotional mood.

A distinctive feature of the story is that it is a diary entry. This way of telling about the life of Dr. Sergei Polyakov gives an opportunity for a deeper understanding of his emotional experiences. Syntactic means such as parcellation, ellipsis, and rows of homogeneous sentence terms enhance this effect. The use of parcel makes it possible to pay special attention to a specific detail: "Blizzard. Nothing" [2, p.103]; "They (paramedics. staff) live in the wing. And I'm alone" [2, p.104]; "I go to bed very early. About nine o'clock. And I sleep sweetly" [2, p.107]; "It's been a long time since I took up my diary. It's a pity"[2, p.112]; "I can't do it anymore. And so I took it and now pricked myself. Sigh. Another sigh. Easier" [2, p.114]; "Nonsense. An empty hallucination. An accidental hallucination" [2, p.120]; "I finished it. Finished it. Yes, I have a great sin on my conscience" [2, p.120]. The parcel in Bulgakov's story "Morphine" gives an idea of how the use of narcotic drugs affects a person's thinking, it becomes fragmented and stingy. Thus, the reader experiences the mental state of the protagonist, which is created within the emotionally expressive context of the story.

Based on these examples, we can say that the tropes in the story "Morphine" immerse the reader in the oppressive atmosphere of the life of a zemstvo doctor suffering from addiction to narcotic drugs. The lexical level of the work creates a picture of medical life, and also shows the ignorance and illiteracy of a rural resident. Syntactic means of expression are an integral means of conveying the mood of the characters and their behavior. All of the above gives us an idea that the emotional and expressive context of M.A.Bulgakov's story "Morphine" is created with the help of linguistic means of different levels.